Fevers are one of our best weapons against infections, but they don’t work like you might think.

We’d like to give a big thank you to Sharon Evans from the Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center for sharing her expertise for this video!

LEARN MORE
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To learn more about this topic, start your googling with these keywords:
Fever: a rise in body temperature, usually caused by infection
Heat shock proteins (HSP): a family of proteins that are produced by cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions
Neutrophils: white blood cells that play an important role in inflammation and are early responders to pathogens.
T cells: major components of the adaptive immune system whose roles include regulating the immune response to pathogens.

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Kate Yoshida | Script Writer, Narrator and Director
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REFERENCES
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Appenheimer, M.M. & Evans, S.S. (2018) Temperature and adaptive immunity. Handbook of Clinical Neurology 156: 397–415. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B978-0-444-63912-7.00024-2

Casadevall, A. (2016) Thermal Restriction as an Antimicrobial Function of Fever. PLoS Pathog 12(5): e1005577. https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1005577

ChangDong L. et al. (2019). Fever Promotes T Lymphocyte Trafficking via a Thermal Sensory Pathway Involving Heat Shock Protein 90 and α4 Integrins. Immunity 50(1):137-151. https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(18)30495-3

Evans, S.S. et al. (2015) Fever and the thermal regulation of immunity: the immune system feels the heat. Nature Reviews Immunology 15(6): 335+. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4786079/

Hasday, J.D., Thompson, C., Singh, I.S. (2014) Fever, immunity, and molecular adaptations. Comprehensive Physiology 4:109–48. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cphy.c130019

Hasday, J.D. & Singh, I.S. (2000) Fever and the heat shock response: distinct, partially overlapping processes. Cell Stress Chaperones 5:471–480. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC312879/

Javid, B., MacAry, P.A. & Lehner, P.J. (2007) Structure and function: heat shock proteins and adaptive immunity. Journal of Immunology 179:2035–2040. https://www.jimmunol.org/content/179/4/2035

Mackowiak, P. A.: Direct effects of hyperthermia on pathogenic microorganisms: teleological implications with regard to fever. Reviews of Infectious Diseases 1981, 3: 508–518. https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-abstract/3/3/508/307776

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Co-op Pharmacy Manager Garth Wells walks us through what we should do when we’re dealing with a high fever.

Learn from your local Co-op experts. Our co-operatives have been serving Western Canadian communities for generations, not only with products and services but also with guidance, training and expertise in a wide variety of areas. Ask Co-op is your chance to have your questions answered by our knowledgeable team. See more answers at http://askco-op.ca.
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Co-op CRS is the Co-operative Retailing System, a network of retail co-operatives that serve more than 600 Western Canadian communities through Food Stores, Home Centres, Gas Bars and Convenience Stores.

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The topic of which specific mechanism fevers act by is one of grand discussion which has also been fuelled by many myths and non-scientifically based assertions. This video provides an overview of the most prominent theories of the existence and action of fevers in immunological response. it discusses the processes that the human body undergoes while in a state of fever.

This video was made by Health Science 4DM3 students: Yu Fei
Xia, Zil E-Huma Nasir, Ivelina Velikova and Mohammed Abdul-Khaliq

Copyright McMaster University 2017

References:

Canadian Pharmacists Association – English [Internet]. [cited 2017
Nov 6]. Available from: https://www.pharmacists.ca/

Ontario G of. The flu [Internet]. Ontario.ca. 2014 [cited 2017 Nov
6]. Available from: https://www.ontario.ca/page/flu-facts

Kid Care for Fevers: Myths, Misconceptions and the Facts | St. Louis
Children’s Hospital [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2017 Nov 6]. Available
from: http://www.stlouischildrens.org/articles/kidcare/fever-myths-versus-facts

Cavaillon J-M. Good and bad fever. Critical Care. 2012;16(2):119.

Walter EJ, Hanna-Jumma S, Carraretto M, Forni L. The
pathophysiological basis and consequences of fever. Critical Care.
2016;20(1).

Evans SS, Repasky EA, Fisher DT. Fever and the thermal regulation of
immunity: the immune system feels the heat. Nature Reviews Immunology.
2015 Jun 1;15(6):335-49.

Young P, Saxena M, Bellomo R, Freebairn R, Hammond N, Haren FV, et
al. Acetaminophen for Fever in Critically Ill Patients with Suspected
Infection. New England Journal of Medicine. 2015Mar;373(23):2215–24.

Schmitt BD. Fever phobia: misconceptions of parents about fevers.
American Journal of Diseases of Children. 1980 Feb 1;134(2):176-81.

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Rehealthify offers reliable, up-to-date health information, anytime, anywhere, for free.

— video script below —

Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are a group of illnesses caused by four families of viruses. These include the Ebola and Marburg, Lassa fever, and yellow fever viruses. VHFs have common features: they affect many organs, they damage the blood vessels, and they affect the body’s ability to regulate itself. Some VHFs cause mild disease, but some, like Ebola or Marburg, cause severe disease and death.

VHFs are found around the world. Specific diseases are usually limited to areas where the animals that carry them live. For example, Lassa fever is limited to rural areas of West Africa where rats and mice carry the virus.

The risk for travelers is low, but you should avoid visiting areas where there are disease outbreaks. Because there are no effective treatments for some of these viral infections, there is concern about their use in bioterrorism.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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What is rheumatic fever? Rheumatic fever is thought to be an autoimmune reaction brought on as a result of a streptococcus infection.

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